The study, which appeared in the current 
online issue the journal Economics and Human Biology, looked at close to 25,000 
people, and found that working mothers spent 17 fewer minutes cooking, 10 fewer 
minutes eating with their kids, 12 fewer minutes playing with them and 37 fewer 
minutes tending to child care than their nonworking counterparts. This was true 
regardless of the mother's education, age or income, and the differences tended 
to be greatest for mothers with children younger than 5.  What about dads? The researchers found they 
weren't picking up the slack. Employed fathers devoted only 13 minutes a day to 
cooking for and playing with their children; nonworking fathers contributed 41 
minutes to the same activities. 
"It seems men are not doing much extra 
work," said John 
Cawley, the study's lead investigator. 
Only about 15 percent of the fewer minutes 
spent in activities devoted to their children's health by working mothers appear 
to be offset by increases in time spent by husbands and partners. To make up for 
the time deficit, the data suggested that working mothers spent two more minutes 
per day than the stay-at-home moms purchasing prepackaged meals or ordering take 
out, an amount of time the researchers said was statistically significant. 
Study Stirs Outrage 
Previous studies have found that the 
children of working mothers tend to have a higher body mass index, or BMI, and 
higher obesity rates than children of nonworking mothers. For example, in 2003, 
the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth run by the Bureau of Labor Statistics 
examined families with children 3 to 11 years old and found that 10 additional 
weekly hours of maternal employment over the course of the child's life 
increased their chances of becoming obese by 1.0 to 1.5 percentage points.
Cawley emphasizes that his investigation 
isn't intended to point the finger of blame at either parent. The aim of this 
latest study was to explore some of the reasons obesity may be tied to a 
mother's job status by tracking how much time both parents dedicated to their 
children's health. 
Still, this type of data does tend to put working women on the defensive. 
"Instead of giving her credit for giving birth to a healthy child, then 
frantically trying to also financially provide for her family, keep a roof over 
their heads, clothes on their backs, educational books on the shelf, we make 
working moms feel bad about not having the time to make a healthy meal," said 
Antoinette Rodriguez, a financial adviser in Manhattan and mother of a 
7-year-old daughter. "I get the sense that working fathers don't sweat the small 
stuff as much as moms. But then again, they're not judged for it." 
Beth Anne Ballance, the mother of a 3-year-old son and a parenting blogger 
for Babble.com, owned by Disney, the parent company of ABC News, agrees that the 
sort of findings reported in the study are often interpreted as a failure on the 
part of mothers more than fathers. "Despite the progress we've made as a 
society, despite women's equality, we still look to women as the main nurturers 
of children," she said. 
But she believes studies like this one short change fathers too. 
"He's a parent, not a babysitter, so he's 
just as responsible for choosing healthy foods and encouraging activity in our 
kid," she said. 
Study Drawbacks The 
Cornell study didn't take into account the benefits of having a working mother 
in the family. For one thing, the financial advantages are obvious. And many 
believe working mothers provide positive role models for their children. 
Additionally, the data doesn't prove that employment alone is what drives the 
way mothers spend their time, nor did the study look at the quality of the 
ready-to-serve meals -- were they unhealthy prepackaged foods or low-fat organic 
fare, for example. 
Cawley also points out that his research 
didn't provide any clues as to why fathers didn't pitch in more. It's possible 
the increased income from a mother's employment is used to hire nonfamily 
caregivers to handle some of these caregiving, household tasks. Another possible 
explanation is that fathers are unable or unwilling to increase time devoted to 
household tasks when their wives work. 
"I don't like phrasing the question as whether working moms contribute to the 
problem. I think it's modern life that contributes to it," he said. "The 
question is what can families and schools do to promote child health given the 
changes in modern life? 
What parents can do Cawley said, is get 
better educated about the nutritional content of restaurant and prepackaged 
foods, particularly if they don't believe they have the time to stop and prepare 
a meal from scratch. 
"In order to make more informed decisions, 
consumers need to have nutrition and calorie information available where they 
buy their food." He said while also noting that federal health care reform rules 
will soon require chain- and fast-food restaurants nationwide to post the 
calorie counts of the foods they sell. 
He also recommends asking schools to 
shoulder some of the responsibility. "Of course, we can't ask schools to do 
everything, but there are some obvious easy changes they can make, such as 
switching from easy-to-prepare popular foods in the cafeteria to healthier more 
nutritious foods, and providing more opportunities for kids to get physical 
activity throughout the day." 
According to Cawley, the Institute of 
Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have urged those 
very same measures as part of a comprehensive change in school environments to 
combat childhood obesity.